Cutter-head



(No Model.)

' I'. GLEASON.

GUTTER HEAD.

N0.,369,785. Panama sept. 13,1887.

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FRANCIS GLEASON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

CUTTER-HEAD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 359,785, dated September 13, 1857.

(No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANoIs GLnAsoN, a citizen of the United Statesand aresident of Philadelphia,in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements iu Cutterlleads, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of cutterheads in which spirally-arranged cutters are employed, and my invention consists in constructing the head with abody having spiral bearings and with keys and fasteners, as fully described hereinafter, so that thin fiat flexible steel blades may be bent on the head-bearings to the desired spiral form, thus avoiding the necessity of forging or otherwise forming rigid spiral cutters.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an external View of a cutter-head and cutters, showing my irnproveinent. Fig. 2 is an end, part sectional, view of Fig. 1.v Fig. 3 is a face view of one of the blades. Fig. 4 is a side view of another form of cutter-head embodying my invention. Fig. Gis another form of cutterhead, showing the cutter-blades clamped to a curved surface. Fig. 5 is an end view of Fig. 4.. Fig. 7 is a transverse section on the line 1 2, Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a view of the blade adapted to the head shown in Figs. 6 and 7. Fig. 9 is an end view of thc blade.

The cutter-head consists, essentially, of a body portion, A, which is secured to a shaft, B, or otherwise supported to revolve on its longitudinal axis, one or more keys, C C, and retaining devices D, by means of which the keys are held securely in place to firml y hold detachable thin blades E, constituting the knives or cutters. The body portion has a bearing for each knife, the said bearing being a face, 5, formed upon the body, preferably curved transversely of its length and extend ing inwa spiral line, and one or more of the detachable keys are adapted to each bearing-face, so that when a blade E is placed between the bearing and the key and the latter is forced toward the bearing the blade E will be bent transversely of its length and will be, firmly clamped in place. These parts may be differently constructed and arranged in cutterheads intended for different purposes while adhering to the main features of niy invention.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the body A is formed by cutting a cylinder to produce substantially parallel laces Z 2 on opposite sides of the axis, each face having a spiral twist, and'in each face is a spiral groove, 4, for receiving keys C C, against each of which bears either the head 6 of a screw-bolt, 9, on one side or the washer 7 beneath the nut 8 of the bolt on the other side, so that the tightening of the nuts draws each key toward the bearing-face 5.

Each cutterblade E is a thin flat blade ofv ten'lpered steel ol'uniform width and thickness, and is secured in position by placing it against its bearing 5, then introducing the keys C C into the groove et, and then inserting the securing-bolts in place and tightening them with their heads or washers bearing against the keys. As the bolts arc tightened, the keys are forced into their sockets, and the blades are bent both transversely and longitiulinallyto a slightly-curved spiral shape, .with their edge projecting to a greater or less extent beyond the head to serve as cutters. By this means the blades,while formed ot plain straight fiat strips of uniform with h and thickness,are made to constitute spiral cutters. When a blade becomes dull, it may be removed, sharpened as a flat blade, and replaced, and as it wears away it may be set farther outward.

To avoid the necessity of removing the keys to reset the blades, I provide the body with openings 10, extending into the grooves or sockets 4 from the opposite sides ofthe head, and by driving a punch in either of said openings, afterslightly lcoseni ng the bolts, (or other fastening) the blades may be driven out to any desired extent. lo avoid the necessity' of wholly removing the bolts to remove the keys, I cut away each bolt-head and each washer to a'linex, so that by turning the head or washer to bring the cut side adjacent to the groove the keys may be withdrawn.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the bearings 5 are at the sidesof the grooves or sockets gt nearest the periphery of the head. In Figs. 4 and 5 they convex and spiral surfaces and the keys C have concave inner surfaces,are placed outside of the bearing-faces 5, and are clamped thereto by radial screws, the blade E, between said bed and key, being bent transversely and to a spiral', as in the other forms of heads.

The blade may be'widened, so as t0 permit of extended use, in which case it is cut to form transverse slots y for the passage of the fastening screws or bolts, as shown in Fig. 8.

I am aware that rotary cutter-heads having` spiral grooves to carry off the chips, and curved, forged, or otherwise formed rigid cuttingblades'tted to the outer face of the cylinder, are old. I am also aware that rotary cutterheads have been provided with straight grooves, in which are mounted straight cutting-blades and devices for holding such blades in place, and hence I disclaim both such old constructions.

Without limiting myself to the precise construction and arrangement of parts shown, I

, claimM l. A cutter-head consisting of a body having one or more spiral grooves having bearingfaces in the grooves, cutting-blades adapted to lie against said bearing-faces, keys or clamps adapted to said bearing-faces, and fastening devices for holding said keys in place, substantially as described.

` 2.- The combination, in a cutter-head, of a body having one or more spiral grooves provided With bearing-faces, keys adapted to said bearings, key-fastening devices, and straight dat thin exible steel blades sprung to a spiral form and clamped within said grooves between the bearings and the keys, substantially as described.

3. Thecomloinationofthebodyhavingspiral transversely-curved bearing-faces to receive blades, curved keys adapted to t said bearing-faces, fasteners, and straight thin flat steel blades clamped to said bearing-faces by said curved keys, substantially as described..

4. The body A, provided with one or more spiral grooves or sockets,` 4, having bearingfaces to receive straight-edged blades, keys C, fitting said sockets, and screw-bolts extending through the body and serving to bear on and -secure said keys, substantially as described.

5. rI he combination of the body provided with one or more grooves or sockets, cuttingblades fitting in said grooves, keys fitting in the grooves to confine the blades therein, and screw-bolts D, passing through apertures in the body from the outsidethereof and bearing against the keys, whereby they are held in place, and whereby the blades may be reset without necessitating the removal ofthe keys, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my naine to this specification in the presence of two sub- Witnesses:

SAMUEL P. COURTNEY, E. METIUs. 

